How will equine herpesvirus affect horses in North Texas? Here’s what to know
A deadly virus that was detected in Waco last week has canceled nearly 20 equestrian events in North Texas.
Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) was discovered during the Women’s Professional Rodeo Association world finals and barrel racing in Waco from Nov. 5 to Nov. 9. Any horses that were at the event or might have been exposed to the virus need to quarantine and remain under observation for 14 days.
In addition to the at least 18 canceled equestrian events around the Metroplex, the Fort Worth Herd’s twice-daily cattle drives will pause starting Thursday until Nov. 28.
The Texas Department of Agriculture warned horse owners Wednesday, Nov. 19 to take precautions with their herds against the virus.
“This virus can spread fast, it can be deadly, and the earliest signs are often so subtle they’re easy to miss,” Texas Agriculture Commissioner Sid Miller said in a statement. “That’s why monitoring your horses right now is critical. The quicker we identify a potential case, the better chance we have to protect not only our animals, but the entire Texas equine community.”
Here’s what to know about preventing, detecting and treating the virus.
What is Equine Herpesvirus Type 1?
The virus can cause respiratory disease, abortion and neon death in horses, according to the Texas Animal Health Commission.
Neurologic signs will appear as a result of damage to blood vessels in the brain and spinal cord. The virus typically has an incubation period between two and 10 days, with respiratory shedding occurring between seven and 10 days.
This is why a 21-day isolation period for confirmed cases is suggested. For cattle and humans, the virus does not pose a risk.
How to prevent EHV-1
Equine Herpesvirus is spread via nose-to-nose contact, contaminated equipment and respiratory secretions in stalls/stables, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Here are a few tips from the USDA on preventing the virus:
- Vaccinate: Vaccines are available that prevent the forms of the virus that cause respiratory illness and abortion. Vaccines will also help reduce the severity of symptoms, viral shedding and abortions. The vaccines are strongly recommended, specifically in breeding operations.
- Isolate: Isolate new horses and horses returning to the farm for at least 21 days. During this time, monitor horses for signs of disease and keep pregnant mares with foals at their side in small groups and away from new/returning horses.
- Practice good hygiene and biosecurity: Regularly clean and disinfect all water and feed buckets, along with any other equipment. Also, do not share or borrow equipment at shows, events or boarding facilities.
Signs of EHV-1
There are several signs the Texas Animal Health Commission says to watch for:
- Fever of 102 degrees or greater
- Nasal discharge
- Lack of coordination
- Hindquarter weakness
- Leaning or resting against a fence or wall to maintain balance
- Lethargy
- Urine dribbling
- Head tilt
- Diminished tail tone
- Penile paralysis
How to treat EHV-1
Intravenous fluids and anti-inflammatory medicines will help in most cases, according to the USDA.
In severe neurologic cases, treatment may include hospitalization with more intensive veterinary care.
